上升段飞行器目标的视频图像跟踪

粒子滤波是一种基于贝叶斯估计理论和蒙特卡罗理论的实时目标跟踪方法，具有较为灵活的并行化跟踪方式，能够较好地维持跟踪目标的假设状态，具有较好的跟踪效果和鲁棒性。上升段飞行器目标飞行视频图像跟踪是火箭等目标飞行监控的重要阶段，但现阶段对飞行器上升段的视频图像跟踪主要依靠人工手动操作云台控制器，实现视频图像中的飞行器跟踪，跟踪图像存在跟踪滞后、画面抖动等现象，跟踪效果受人为因素影响较大。本文提出一种基于粒子滤波方法的上升段飞行器目标视频图像跟踪方法，建立飞行器目标粒子滤波跟踪模型实现对飞行器目标的识别和跟踪，在识别和跟踪的基础上建立云台控制模型，通过对云台的智能控制获得飞行器上升段的高质量图像。采用火箭发射的视频图像作为模型验证的实验数据，检验飞行器目标的跟踪效果。     

MTF对立体测绘高程精度影响研究

MTF（调制传递函数）是反映测绘相机性能的重要指标,研究MTF对测绘高程精度的影响可以对相机的设计指标提出要求,对提高测绘精度具有极其重要的意义。文章通过计算机仿真的方法进行研究,利用3DStudioMax软件构建三维模型与模拟成像、用Harris算子提取图像特征点,并用奇异值分解与最小二乘法进行特征点的匹配,通过前方...     

China's Space Activities in 2009

<正>The Chinese government has consistently regarded the space industry as an integral part of the state's comprehensive development strategy,and upheld that the exploration and utilization of outer space should be for peaceful purposes and to benefit the whole of mankind.China's space activities fall into three categories: space technology,space applications and space science.China has made the following progress in these three areas during 2009.     

Executive Moves of CASC

On April 15,2013,the central committee of CPC and the State Council of China decided to establish a Board of Executives for China Aerospace Science and Technology(CASC)and Mr.Xu Dazhe was appointed Chairman of CASC     

Optimal guidance for reentry vehicles based on indirect Legendre pseudospectral method

Development of a feasible guidance scheme for reentry vehicles is a challenge because of its significant nonlinearity and multi-constraints. A method for the implementation of three-degree-of-freedom guidance for constrained reentry vehicle is presented in the paper. First, the constrained trajectory is generated by Legendre pseudospectral method (LPM) and then the feasibily of the trajectory is validated. Based on the obtained reference trajectory, the guidance problem is converted into a trajectory state regulation problem which is a linear time varying system. A robust state feedback guidance law is generated in real time using indirect Legendre pseudospectral feedback method. Finally, simulation results illustrate that the overall guidance scheme can lead to a very accurately controlled flight with all the constraints satisfied even in the presence of initial state uncertainty.     

China's Great Achievements in Satellite Development:The 40th Anniversary of Launch of DFH-1

<正>On April 24,1970,China successfully launched its first man-made satellite,DFH-1. It was a milestone in China's space history,making China the 5th country capable of independently developing, launching and operating satellites following the former Soviet Union, the United States,France and Japan. Since then China's satellites have been launched into space one after another and benefit mankind due to their advantages. Over the past 40 years,China has     

再入飞船通信环境建模研究

再入飞船的通信环境所受影响主要体现于飞船周围等离子体鞘对电磁波产生衰减。为了研究飞船再入过程中衰减对通信的影响,需要建立飞船外围的三维通信衰减仿真模型,在此基础上可以研究适用于再入通信环境的新型通信技术。为此文章提出了再入飞船通信衰减的动态建模方法,并根据气动、热力学和电磁波理论公式提出了具体的飞船再入动态通信环境建模方案,同时阐述了各部分建模的研究方法,为进一步研究应对黑障的新型通信技术奠定了基础。     

爬壁蠕虫机器人构型初探

根据松毛虫和尺蠖蠕动前行的特点以及仿生学原理,基于模块化思路分别提出了松毛虫和尺蠖爬壁机器人运动学构型.针对两种模型,讨论比较了它们的安全性和可用步态.通过分析松毛虫的蠕动步态和尺蠖步态,发现基于全主动关节驱动的松毛虫模型中存在冗余驱动问题.但由于松毛虫模型具有更多的可用步态,因此比尺蠖模型具有更高的安全性.这两种模型的样机由若干吸附模块和关节模块构成,以验证两种蠕虫机器人的爬壁能力.试验表明由于松毛虫机器人运动时存在冗余驱动,导致吸盘出现侧滑力,同时验证了尺蠖机器人在竖直壁面上的爬壁能力.为了进一步改进尺蠖机器人的吸附能力,采用了一种非对称的运动步态.     

一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器设计及其试验验证

针对火星飞行器探测需求,提出了一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器,基于计算流体力学方法优选了桨叶翼型、平面形状和扭转角等结构参数,基于叶素动量理论建立了旋翼气动力学模型,利用数值模拟方法选择了旋翼转速、旋翼间距和桨叶安装角等飞行参数,设计了原理样机"火星飞鸟-I"的结构与控制系统。构建了火星大气环境模拟器和重力补偿与运动约束装置,开展了模拟火星环境下旋翼式飞行器地面飞行试验,验证了共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器的推进性能,展望了旋翼式火星飞行器技术的发展方向。研究成果对我国开展的火星探测工程具有重要借鉴价值。     

基于Transformer层次预测的多星应急观测任务规划方法

应急观测任务规划是一个强时效性的复杂组合优化问题,必须在规定的时限内完成相应的计算。采用机器学习的方法对规划问题进行初始规划方案预测,可以有效地简化计算复杂度。为此,提出一种基于Transformer层次预测的多星应急观测任务规划方法,将多星任务规划的求解过程分解为3个步骤：首先,利用基于Transformer的任务可调度性预测模型预测待规划任务是否执行,得到预执行任务集合;然后,基于Transformer的任务分配模型对预执行任务集合分配卫星,得到初始规划方案;最后,利用基于随机爬山的约束修正算法对初始规划方案进行优化调整,得到可行规划方案。为验证所提方法的有效性,通过大量仿真实验与CPLEX优化器、标准遗传算法、长短期记忆网络等方法模型进行比较,实验结果表明所提方法计算耗时短,规划收益高,适用于多星观测任务快速规划。